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1851 Census
An analysis of the 1851 census by the Sands Society of Pocklington School carried out in 1970. Thanks to Chris Solomon for providing me with this information.

POCKLINGTON SCHOOL
SANDS SOCIETY

THE  1851  CENSUS
FOR P O C K L IN G T O N

ANALYSIS
OF DATA

MAY 1970
FOREWORD


The information set out  in the following pages has been derived from the 1851 census for Pocklington simply by means of adding figures under specific  heads.  More sophisticated methods of sorting,  analysing and  tabulating data are  employed "by experienced researchers,  but these were regarded as inappropriate for use by a group of boys whose work on this census was their  first experience of research into local history sources.  For the  same reason it would be unwise  to claim that their work is devoid of all  error,  and for  those who are inclined to raise an eyebrow at this admission it is as well  to point out that  the enumerators themselves who gathered the census information were by no means exempt  from error  or  inconsistency,   and that  this fact  in itself poses considerable problems for  those who   set out  to  analyse  the returns.
What has not here been included  is  an interpretation of the  data.   It is intended  to provide  this in  a separate publication.

The machinery of the 1851 CENSUS.

This was little different from that employed today. Local organisation was under the control of the Superintendent and District registrars. The registrars appointed enumerators whose job was to deliver schedules to each householder in tho week proceeding the census night the information obtained on the schedules had to be copied in to a book, and it was the enumerators' books that, before the end of the week following the census night were sent back to the registrars. The registrars occasionally corrected books before sending them on to the Superintendent registrar, who in turn went them to the Census Office.

Occupations of Males (14 & Over)

Consolidated Classes

Primary Groups

 

 

I

Independent means; upper professional; managerial; manufacturers; large enterprise

 

 

II

Lower Professional;   annuitants;   supervisory;  large  shopkeepers

 

 

III

Agricultural   self-employed;  farmers; market gardeners;   agricultural managers

 

 

IV

Shopkeepers;  craftsmen;  clerks;   skilled agricultural workers;  higher servants

 

 

V

Agricultural  labourers;   semi-skilled   and service workers

 

 

VI

Domestic  servants

 

 

VII

Labourers and unskilled workers



I

Primitive Methodist minister

2

Clergyman

L

 

Vicar

2

Physician

1

 

Proprietor of Houses

5

Landed Proprietor

5

 

Proprietor of Houses & land

1

Proprietor of Houses & Cow Keeper

1

 

General Practitioner

5

Clergyman / Headmaster

1

 

Architect

1

Attourney of law

1

 

Lawyer

1

Land Agent

1

 

Solicitor

1

Travellers

6

 

Gas Manufacturer

1

 

 

 

Independent minister of Ebenezer chapel

1

 

 

 

 

 

Total

32

 

 

 

 

 

II

Superintendent, pauper labour

1

Parish Clerk

1

 

Schoolmaster

3

Usher

1

 

Superindendent Constable

1

Officer of Inland Revenue

1

 

Relieving officer & registrar

1

Surveyor of Highways

1

 

High Constable

1

Uncommissioned excise man.

1

 

Bank Agent

1

Annuitant

4

 

Auctioneer

1

 

 

 

 

 

Total:

32

 

 

 

 

 

II

Superintendent, pauper labour

1

Parish Clerk

1

 

Schoolmaster

3

Usher

1

 

Superindendent Constable

1

Officer of Inland Revenue

1

 

Relieving officer & registrar

1

Surveyor of Highways

1

 

High Constable

1

Uncommissioned excise man

1

 

Bank Agent

1

Annuitant

4

 

Auctioneer

1

 

 

 

 

 

Total:

18

 

 

 

 

 

III

Farmers

19

Farmer Bailiff

1

 

Cowkeeper

1

Steward

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

22

 

 

 

 

 

IV

Grocer

5

Assistant grocer

1

 

Grocer & Draper

9

Grocer & flour dealer

2

 

Grocer's apprentice

1

Master butcher

5

 

Butcher

13

Butcher & farmer

1

 

Butcher journeyman

1

Butcher boy

1

 

Fishmonger

1

Poulterer

1

 

Confectioner

1

Breadbaker

2

 

Cornfactor & flour dealer

1

Dealer in flour provender

1

 

Tallow chandler

2

Master brewer & auctioneer

1

 

Maltster

3

Brush dealer

1

 

Hawker of Hardware

1

Licenced hawker of hardware

1

 

Licenced Hawker

1

Hawker

4

 

Bacon Factor

1

Merchant

1

 

Shopkeeper

6

Apprentice shopkeeper

6

 

Innkeeper

6

Publican

2

 

Hosteller

1

Drugmerchant

1

 

Druggist

5

Chemist & draper

1

 

Miller

5

Journeyman miller

3

 

Miller/spirit merchant

1

Corn miller

1

 

Millwright

1

Master linen and wollen draper

1

 

Linen draper

1

Assistant draper

1

 

Tailor

26

Master tailor

1

 

Tailor journeyman

3

Tailor/draper

2

 

Saddler/innkeeper

1

Saddler

7

 

Master cordwainer

3

Cordwainer

18

 

Cordwainer journeyman

1

Cordwainer appentice

1

 

Master fellmonger

1

Fellmonger & glover

1

 

Fellmonger

1

Basket maker

1

 

Glover

1

Hatter

2

 

Earthenware vase dealer

3

Shoemaker

21

 

Shoemaker journeyman

1

Shoemaker apprentice

2

 

Builder

1

Builder/bricklayer

1

 

Master bricklayer

4

Bricklayer

8

 

Bricklayer jouneyman

3

Master joiner

2

 

Joiner

7

Joiner journeyman

1

 

Joiner apprentice

1

Joiner/wheelright

1

 

Joiner/brazier

1

Joiner/cabinet maker

9

 

Carpenter

4

Carpenter apprentice

1

 

Carpenter jouneyman

2

Sawyer

2

 

Sawyer & Carpenter

1

Master stonemason

2

 

Stonemason

8

Mason journeyman

3

 

Master blacksmith

1

Blacksmith

9

 

Blacksmith journeyman

8

Blacksmith/innkeeper

1

 

Plumber

1

Plumber journeyman

1

 

Plumber & Painter

1

Plumber & Glazier

1

 

Wheelright

12

Master wheelright

1

 

Wheelright apprentice

1

Master painter

1

 

Painter

7

Painter/Journeyman

3

 

Master painter

1

Cooper

3

 

Master cooper

1

Surgeon's instrument maker

1

 

Printer

2

Printer/Compositor

1

 

Pipe maker

1

Sugar boiler

1

 

Roper

2

Tinner

4

 

Master watch maker

1

Watchmaker

2

 

Brass & iron founder

1

Ironmonger

3

 

Iron moulder

2

Moulder

1

 

Wool stapler

3

Machine man

1

 

Gun-maker

1

Nail maker and tinner

1

 

Shepherd

1

Sheep jobber

1

 

Drover

1

Beast drover

1

 

Horse breaker

2

Woodman

1

 

Gardener

7

Cattle dealer

1

 

Water man

1

Carrier

4

 

Carter

3

Railway carrier

1

 

Railway booking clerk

1

Railway clerk

2

 

Gamekeeper

2

Articled clerk

2

 

Articled pupil

1

bookseller

1

 

Printer, booklender, bookseller and stationer

1

Hairdresser

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

381

 

 

 

 

 

V

Watchman

1

Hostler

1

 

Chimneysweep

1

Shop assistant

7

 

Assistant

1

Sexton

1

 

Railway gate keeper

2

Post boy

1

 

Post office messenger

1

Messenger

1

 

Lesser messenger

1

Waiter

1

 

Sailor

2

 

 

 

 

 

Total

21

 

 

 

 

 

VI

Footman

1

Servant

2

 

Miller's servant

1

House servant

2

 

Groom

6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

VII

Errand boys

5

Gate porter

1

 

Mill labourer

1

Railway porter

2

 

Labourer

5

Labourer pauper

1

 

Labourer for mason

1

Bricklayer labourer

2

 

Labourer of maltster

1

 

 

 

 

 

Total

19


Farmers

 

 

 

 

 

Name

Acreage

No. of men employed

 

 

 

Robert Hotham

410

20

Richard Hotham

256

4

John Holliday

140

n.s.

John Moor

120

n.s.

Elizabeth Loftus

120

2

Thomas Houghton

70

n.s.

Jane English

69

3

Charles Green

56

1

John Thomas

55

n.s.

Henry Kirby

50

n.s.

William Richardson

50

1

John Smith

42

1

William Silburn

32

1

John Marshall

24

n.s.

Richard Jefferson

14

n.s.

Robert Manners

12

none

John Burkill

10

n.s.

Ann Swan

8

n.s.

George Overend

n.s.

n.s.

James McLaren

n.s.

n.s.

Richard Beal

n.s.

n.s.

John Pearson

n.s.

n.s.

 

 

 

n.s. - Not stated

 

 



Occupations of Males (13 & Under)

 

 

 

 

 

No.

Age

Saddler and Harness Maker

1

13

Farm Servant

1

13

Shepherd

1

13

Wheelright apprentice

1

13

Errand boy

4

3 aged 11
1 aged 12

Tailor apprentice

1

11



Occupations of Females (14 and over)

 

 

 

No.

House Servant

80

Dressmaker

43

Housewife

39

Housekeeper

25

Annuitant

18

Bonnet-maker

9

Shop-keeper

9

Charwoman

5

Shchoolmistress

5

Seamstress

4

Proprietor of Land

4

Proprietor of Houses

4

Innkeeper

4

Laundress

3

Agricultural servant

3

Milliner

3

Cook

2

Haymaker

2

Fellmonger & Glover

2

Upholsterer

2

Farm Labourer

1

Barmaid

1

Hour labourer

1

Labourer

1

General Servant

1

Milliner & Straw Bonnet maker

1

Governess

1

Attendant

1

Retired schoolmistress

1

Vicaress

1

Doctor

1

Nurse

1

Cowkeeper

1

Breadbaker

1

Factory girl

1

Journeyman to miller

1

Traveller

1

Postmistress

1

Glover

1

Shop assistant

1

Unmbrella maker

1

Coal Dealer

1

Music teacher

1



Occupations of Females (13 & under)

 

 

 

 

 

No.

Age

House Servants

7

2 aged 13
1 aged 12
2 aged 11

Nurse

1

 

Bonnet-makers's assistant

1

 



Places of Birth

 

 

 

I

Percentage of population born in the parish of Pocklington

50%

II

Percentage of population born in Yorkshire

42%

III

Percentage of population born elsewhere

8%



Analysis of places of origin in Category III

 

 

 

Lincolnshire

26

Cumberland

11

London

11

Kent

9

Durham

8

Derbyshire

6

Lancashire

6

Norfolk

6

Middlesex

5

Northumberland

4

Nottinghamshire

4

Bedfordshire

3

Sussex

3

Hampshire

2

Warwickshire

2

Devon

2

Essex

1

Staffordshire

1

Suffolk

1

Surrey

1

Wiltshire

1

Leicestershire

1

 

 

Ireland

36

Scotland

17

Wales

2

 

 

France

1

Switzerland

1