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An analysis of the 1851 census by the Sands Society of Pocklington School carried out in 1970. Thanks to Chris Solomon for providing me with this information. |
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POCKLINGTON SCHOOL
SANDS SOCIETY
THE 1851 CENSUS
FOR P O C K L IN G T O N
ANALYSIS
OF DATA
MAY 1970
FOREWORD
The information set out in the following pages has been derived from the 1851 census for Pocklington simply by means of adding figures under specific heads. More sophisticated methods of sorting, analysing and tabulating data are employed "by experienced researchers, but these were regarded as inappropriate for use by a group of boys whose work on this census was their first experience of research into local history sources. For the same reason it would be unwise to claim that their work is devoid of all error, and for those who are inclined to raise an eyebrow at this admission it is as well to point out that the enumerators themselves who gathered the census information were by no means exempt from error or inconsistency, and that this fact in itself poses considerable problems for those who set out to analyse the returns.
What has not here been included is an interpretation of the data. It is intended to provide this in a separate publication.
The machinery of the 1851 CENSUS.
This was little different from that employed today. Local organisation was under the control of the Superintendent and District registrars. The registrars appointed enumerators whose job was to deliver schedules to each householder in tho week proceeding the census night the information obtained on the schedules had to be copied in to a book, and it was the enumerators' books that, before the end of the week following the census night were sent back to the registrars. The registrars occasionally corrected books before sending them on to the Superintendent registrar, who in turn went them to the Census Office.
Occupations of Males (14 & Over)
Consolidated Classes |
Primary Groups |
|
|
I |
Independent means; upper professional; managerial; manufacturers; large enterprise |
|
|
II |
Lower Professional; annuitants; supervisory; large shopkeepers |
|
|
III |
Agricultural self-employed; farmers; market gardeners; agricultural managers |
|
|
IV |
Shopkeepers; craftsmen; clerks; skilled agricultural workers; higher servants |
|
|
V |
Agricultural labourers; semi-skilled and service workers |
|
|
VI |
Domestic servants |
|
|
VII |
Labourers and unskilled workers |
I |
Primitive Methodist minister |
2 |
Clergyman |
L |
|
Vicar |
2 |
Physician |
1 |
|
Proprietor of Houses |
5 |
Landed Proprietor |
5 |
|
Proprietor of Houses & land |
1 |
Proprietor of Houses & Cow Keeper |
1 |
|
General Practitioner |
5 |
Clergyman / Headmaster |
1 |
|
Architect |
1 |
Attourney of law |
1 |
|
Lawyer |
1 |
Land Agent |
1 |
|
Solicitor |
1 |
Travellers |
6 |
|
Gas Manufacturer |
1 |
|
|
|
Independent minister of Ebenezer chapel |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
II |
Superintendent, pauper labour |
1 |
Parish Clerk |
1 |
|
Schoolmaster |
3 |
Usher |
1 |
|
Superindendent Constable |
1 |
Officer of Inland Revenue |
1 |
|
Relieving officer & registrar |
1 |
Surveyor of Highways |
1 |
|
High Constable |
1 |
Uncommissioned excise man. |
1 |
|
Bank Agent |
1 |
Annuitant |
4 |
|
Auctioneer |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total: |
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
II |
Superintendent, pauper labour |
1 |
Parish Clerk |
1 |
|
Schoolmaster |
3 |
Usher |
1 |
|
Superindendent Constable |
1 |
Officer of Inland Revenue |
1 |
|
Relieving officer & registrar |
1 |
Surveyor of Highways |
1 |
|
High Constable |
1 |
Uncommissioned excise man |
1 |
|
Bank Agent |
1 |
Annuitant |
4 |
|
Auctioneer |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total: |
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
III |
Farmers |
19 |
Farmer Bailiff |
1 |
|
Cowkeeper |
1 |
Steward |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
IV |
Grocer |
5 |
Assistant grocer |
1 |
|
Grocer & Draper |
9 |
Grocer & flour dealer |
2 |
|
Grocer's apprentice |
1 |
Master butcher |
5 |
|
Butcher |
13 |
Butcher & farmer |
1 |
|
Butcher journeyman |
1 |
Butcher boy |
1 |
|
Fishmonger |
1 |
Poulterer |
1 |
|
Confectioner |
1 |
Breadbaker |
2 |
|
Cornfactor & flour dealer |
1 |
Dealer in flour provender |
1 |
|
Tallow chandler |
2 |
Master brewer & auctioneer |
1 |
|
Maltster |
3 |
Brush dealer |
1 |
|
Hawker of Hardware |
1 |
Licenced hawker of hardware |
1 |
|
Licenced Hawker |
1 |
Hawker |
4 |
|
Bacon Factor |
1 |
Merchant |
1 |
|
Shopkeeper |
6 |
Apprentice shopkeeper |
6 |
|
Innkeeper |
6 |
Publican |
2 |
|
Hosteller |
1 |
Drugmerchant |
1 |
|
Druggist |
5 |
Chemist & draper |
1 |
|
Miller |
5 |
Journeyman miller |
3 |
|
Miller/spirit merchant |
1 |
Corn miller |
1 |
|
Millwright |
1 |
Master linen and wollen draper |
1 |
|
Linen draper |
1 |
Assistant draper |
1 |
|
Tailor |
26 |
Master tailor |
1 |
|
Tailor journeyman |
3 |
Tailor/draper |
2 |
|
Saddler/innkeeper |
1 |
Saddler |
7 |
|
Master cordwainer |
3 |
Cordwainer |
18 |
|
Cordwainer journeyman |
1 |
Cordwainer appentice |
1 |
|
Master fellmonger |
1 |
Fellmonger & glover |
1 |
|
Fellmonger |
1 |
Basket maker |
1 |
|
Glover |
1 |
Hatter |
2 |
|
Earthenware vase dealer |
3 |
Shoemaker |
21 |
|
Shoemaker journeyman |
1 |
Shoemaker apprentice |
2 |
|
Builder |
1 |
Builder/bricklayer |
1 |
|
Master bricklayer |
4 |
Bricklayer |
8 |
|
Bricklayer jouneyman |
3 |
Master joiner |
2 |
|
Joiner |
7 |
Joiner journeyman |
1 |
|
Joiner apprentice |
1 |
Joiner/wheelright |
1 |
|
Joiner/brazier |
1 |
Joiner/cabinet maker |
9 |
|
Carpenter |
4 |
Carpenter apprentice |
1 |
|
Carpenter jouneyman |
2 |
Sawyer |
2 |
|
Sawyer & Carpenter |
1 |
Master stonemason |
2 |
|
Stonemason |
8 |
Mason journeyman |
3 |
|
Master blacksmith |
1 |
Blacksmith |
9 |
|
Blacksmith journeyman |
8 |
Blacksmith/innkeeper |
1 |
|
Plumber |
1 |
Plumber journeyman |
1 |
|
Plumber & Painter |
1 |
Plumber & Glazier |
1 |
|
Wheelright |
12 |
Master wheelright |
1 |
|
Wheelright apprentice |
1 |
Master painter |
1 |
|
Painter |
7 |
Painter/Journeyman |
3 |
|
Master painter |
1 |
Cooper |
3 |
|
Master cooper |
1 |
Surgeon's instrument maker |
1 |
|
Printer |
2 |
Printer/Compositor |
1 |
|
Pipe maker |
1 |
Sugar boiler |
1 |
|
Roper |
2 |
Tinner |
4 |
|
Master watch maker |
1 |
Watchmaker |
2 |
|
Brass & iron founder |
1 |
Ironmonger |
3 |
|
Iron moulder |
2 |
Moulder |
1 |
|
Wool stapler |
3 |
Machine man |
1 |
|
Gun-maker |
1 |
Nail maker and tinner |
1 |
|
Shepherd |
1 |
Sheep jobber |
1 |
|
Drover |
1 |
Beast drover |
1 |
|
Horse breaker |
2 |
Woodman |
1 |
|
Gardener |
7 |
Cattle dealer |
1 |
|
Water man |
1 |
Carrier |
4 |
|
Carter |
3 |
Railway carrier |
1 |
|
Railway booking clerk |
1 |
Railway clerk |
2 |
|
Gamekeeper |
2 |
Articled clerk |
2 |
|
Articled pupil |
1 |
bookseller |
1 |
|
Printer, booklender, bookseller and stationer |
1 |
Hairdresser |
3 |
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|
|
Total |
381 |
|
|
|
|
|
V |
Watchman |
1 |
Hostler |
1 |
|
Chimneysweep |
1 |
Shop assistant |
7 |
|
Assistant |
1 |
Sexton |
1 |
|
Railway gate keeper |
2 |
Post boy |
1 |
|
Post office messenger |
1 |
Messenger |
1 |
|
Lesser messenger |
1 |
Waiter |
1 |
|
Sailor |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
VI |
Footman |
1 |
Servant |
2 |
|
Miller's servant |
1 |
House servant |
2 |
|
Groom |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
VII |
Errand boys |
5 |
Gate porter |
1 |
|
Mill labourer |
1 |
Railway porter |
2 |
|
Labourer |
5 |
Labourer pauper |
1 |
|
Labourer for mason |
1 |
Bricklayer labourer |
2 |
|
Labourer of maltster |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
19 |
Farmers |
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
Acreage |
No. of men employed |
|
|
|
Robert Hotham |
410 |
20 |
Richard Hotham |
256 |
4 |
John Holliday |
140 |
n.s. |
John Moor |
120 |
n.s. |
Elizabeth Loftus |
120 |
2 |
Thomas Houghton |
70 |
n.s. |
Jane English |
69 |
3 |
Charles Green |
56 |
1 |
John Thomas |
55 |
n.s. |
Henry Kirby |
50 |
n.s. |
William Richardson |
50 |
1 |
John Smith |
42 |
1 |
William Silburn |
32 |
1 |
John Marshall |
24 |
n.s. |
Richard Jefferson |
14 |
n.s. |
Robert Manners |
12 |
none |
John Burkill |
10 |
n.s. |
Ann Swan |
8 |
n.s. |
George Overend |
n.s. |
n.s. |
James McLaren |
n.s. |
n.s. |
Richard Beal |
n.s. |
n.s. |
John Pearson |
n.s. |
n.s. |
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|
n.s. - Not stated |
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Occupations of Males (13 & Under) |
|
|
|
|
|
No. |
Age |
Saddler and Harness Maker |
1 |
13 |
Farm Servant |
1 |
13 |
Shepherd |
1 |
13 |
Wheelright apprentice |
1 |
13 |
Errand boy |
4 |
3 aged 11
1 aged 12 |
Tailor apprentice |
1 |
11 |
Occupations of Females (14 and over) |
|
|
|
No. |
House Servant |
80 |
Dressmaker |
43 |
Housewife |
39 |
Housekeeper |
25 |
Annuitant |
18 |
Bonnet-maker |
9 |
Shop-keeper |
9 |
Charwoman |
5 |
Shchoolmistress |
5 |
Seamstress |
4 |
Proprietor of Land |
4 |
Proprietor of Houses |
4 |
Innkeeper |
4 |
Laundress |
3 |
Agricultural servant |
3 |
Milliner |
3 |
Cook |
2 |
Haymaker |
2 |
Fellmonger & Glover |
2 |
Upholsterer |
2 |
Farm Labourer |
1 |
Barmaid |
1 |
Hour labourer |
1 |
Labourer |
1 |
General Servant |
1 |
Milliner & Straw Bonnet maker |
1 |
Governess |
1 |
Attendant |
1 |
Retired schoolmistress |
1 |
Vicaress |
1 |
Doctor |
1 |
Nurse |
1 |
Cowkeeper |
1 |
Breadbaker |
1 |
Factory girl |
1 |
Journeyman to miller |
1 |
Traveller |
1 |
Postmistress |
1 |
Glover |
1 |
Shop assistant |
1 |
Unmbrella maker |
1 |
Coal Dealer |
1 |
Music teacher |
1 |
Occupations of Females (13 & under) |
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No. |
Age |
House Servants |
7 |
2 aged 13
1 aged 12
2 aged 11 |
Nurse |
1 |
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Bonnet-makers's assistant |
1 |
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Places of Birth |
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|
I |
Percentage of population born in the parish of Pocklington |
50% |
II |
Percentage of population born in Yorkshire |
42% |
III |
Percentage of population born elsewhere |
8% |
Analysis of places of origin in Category III |
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|
Lincolnshire |
26 |
Cumberland |
11 |
London |
11 |
Kent |
9 |
Durham |
8 |
Derbyshire |
6 |
Lancashire |
6 |
Norfolk |
6 |
Middlesex |
5 |
Northumberland |
4 |
Nottinghamshire |
4 |
Bedfordshire |
3 |
Sussex |
3 |
Hampshire |
2 |
Warwickshire |
2 |
Devon |
2 |
Essex |
1 |
Staffordshire |
1 |
Suffolk |
1 |
Surrey |
1 |
Wiltshire |
1 |
Leicestershire |
1 |
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Ireland |
36 |
Scotland |
17 |
Wales |
2 |
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France |
1 |
Switzerland |
1 |
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